The measurement is taken from fresh whole blood samples (from the finger, palm,forearm, upper arm, calf and thigh).

The glucose testing is based on the measurement of electrical current generated by the reaction of glucose with the reagent of the strip. The meter measures the current, calculates the blood glucose level, and displays the result. The strength of the current produced by the reaction depends on the amount of glucose in the blood sample.

Patients with poor glucose control and those given a new drug or a new dose of a currently used drug may be asked to self-monitor once (usually morning fasting) to ≥ 5 times/day, depending on the patient's needs and abilities and the complexity of the treatment regimen. Most patients with type 1 diabetes benefit from testing at least 4 times/day.

HbA1C level is another parameter that reflects glucose control over the preceding 2 to 3 months and hence assess control between physician visits. HbA1C should be assessed quarterly in type 1 patients and at least annually in type 2 patients whose plasma glucose appears stable (more frequently when control is uncertain).  HbA1C is measured by using different strip/device.